This book is concerned with sensory cue integration both within and between sensory modalities, and focuses on the emerging way of thinking about cue combination in terms of uncertainty. These probabilistic approaches derive from the realization that our sensors are noisy and moreover are often affected by ambiguity. For example, mechanoreceptor outputs are variable and they cannot distinguish if a perceived force is caused by the weight of an object or by force we are producing ourselves. The probabilistic approaches elaborated in this book aim at formalizing the uncertainty of cues. They describe cue combination as the nervous system's attempt to minimize uncertainty in its estimates and to choose successful actions. Some computational approaches described in the chapters of this book are concerned with the application of such statistical ideas to real-world cue-combination problems. Others ask how uncertainty may be represented in the nervous system and used for cue combination. Importantly, across behavioral, electrophysiological and theoretical approaches, Bayesian statistics is emerging as a common language in which cue-combination problems can be expressed.
Under flight conditions, as well as in other situations, judgments of the distances between objects may depend upon a variety of possible cues. In this study, the hypothesis was tested that the intention to use a particular cue relation would enhance the effectiveness of that particular cue in determining the resulting perception. For this purpose, a situation was presented in which the apparent depth position of an object in a configuration of objects would differ depending upon which of two possible cue relations (size cues) were used. The results support the conclusion that the perceived depth position of the object differed in the expected directions as a function of the task-set. The data of the study are discussed with respect to the 'adjacency principle' which states that cue efficiency is determined by the relative adjacency of objects between which the cues occur. Although the effect of cue-set upon the perception seems to be small compared with that of adjacency, it cannot completely be ignored. (Author).
"Cue-Centered Therapy for Youth Experiencing Posttraumatic Symptoms presents a psychosocial treatment approach for children and adolescents who have been exposed to chronic traumatic experiences"--
Cue's Forever Home: Rescuer Lady Jean By: Diane Yoder Bubier After rescuing a Clydesdale colt from an abandoned home near her, nearly two weeks later, Lady Jean receives a call that a dog is still at the residence. Without a second to waste, Cue is rescued and brought home to forever become part of Lady Jean's family. Is she truly rescued though? Will the ranch truly be Cue's forever home, or is it too late for her on Earth? Cue's Forever Home deals with the ever-present problem of breeding animals as a product, based on one dog's story of the effect of starvation and neglect, and bears a powerful message: Pets are not toys to discard.
Curli Ann Cue is in for a few surprises! She has been invited to stay overnight with her best friend, Taylor. Will she be able to leave her mom for a whole night?At the park where Curli Ann and Taylor go to a picnic, there is something very scary in the pond. And a little boy is missing!
In the past decade, the field of comparative cognition has grown and thrived. No less rigorous than purely behavioristic investigations, examinations of animal intelligence are useful for scientists and psychologists alike in their quest to understand the nature and mechanisms of intelligence. Extensive field research of various species has yielded exciting new areas of research, integrating findings from psychology, behavioral ecology, and ethology in a unique and wide-ranging synthesis of theory and research on animal cognition. The Oxford Handbook of Comparative Cognition contains sections on perception and illusion, attention and search, memory processes, spatial cognition, conceptualization and categorization, problem solving and behavioral flexibility, and social cognition processes including findings in primate tool usage, pattern learning, and counting. The authors have incorporated findings and theoretical approaches that reflect the current state of the field. This comprehensive volume will be a must-read for students and scientists who want to know about the state of the art of the modern science of comparative cognition.
This book presents essential insights on environmental policy derived from behavioral economics. The authors demonstrate the potential of behavioral economics to drive environmental protection and to generate concrete proposals for the efficient design of policy instruments. Moreover, detailed recommendations on how to use “nudges” and related instruments to move industry and society toward a sustainable course are presented. This book addresses the needs of environmental economists, behavioral economists and environmental policymakers, as well as all readers interested in the intersection between behavioral economics and environmental policy.
