Electrostimulation is defined as the action of electrical energy on nerve and muscle OCo the two classes of excitable tissue. This cutting-edge resource offers you broad coverage of the subject, expanding the scope of electrostimulation discussions to include accidental, aversive, and possibly harmful biological effects of electrical energy. The book enables you to develop standards for human exposure to electric currents having various waveforms, determine classes of nerve fibers brought to excitation within specified regions of the body due to certain types of exposure, and quantify how harmonic distortions influence the excitability of sinusoidal extrostimulation. This practical reference also offers guidance in using the SENN (Spatially Extended Nonlinear Node) computer model that simulates the interaction of applied electric energy with myelinated neurons.Moreover, you learn how to compare efficacy and hazard potential of various stun weapons, assess unintended nerve stimulation from MRI exposure of patients with metallic implants, and compare the safety margins between electrostimulation thresholds of sensory and motor neurons relative to unintended cardiac excitation or painful sensory responses."
With the arise of chronic, age and lifestyle-related illnesses, overwhelming stress, toxins and pollution, the society began to value more aspects of personal health than mere physical symptoms – the balance and harmony of mind, spirit and body.
Fecal incontinence is a common and embarrassing condition with a devastating impact on patients’ lives. Since it may result from a variety of pathophysiological situations, an accurate diagnostic work-up is crucial. A range of therapies is available, but choosing the correct option is pivotal to successful management. This book reviews the latest advances in the epidemiologic, socio-economic, psychological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects of fecal incontinence, helping to establish effective treatment guidelines.
Recovery for Performance in Sport encompasses the latest scientific research in the study of recovery and draws from the experience of applied sport scientists working with elite athletes in leading performance and recovery centers around the globe.
This book is the 5th in an exceptional series which, in a most uncommon way, constitutes an original encyclopaedia of esophagology. It is devoted to a single subject: the esophagogastric junction. These few centimetres are dissected into 420 questions which call on all the disciplines involved by its physiology, its diverse diseases and their various treatments. 450 answers, provided by the most renowned experts, each one shedding light on one small, but essential, fragment of the subject. The book offers: A succesion of syntheses; A profusion of targeted bibliographical references; An access, now made easy, to highly elaborated knowledge; A precious volume for researchers, specialists, departments heads, general practitioners and students.
Heart Failure: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Diagnosis and Screening. The editors have built Heart Failure: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Diagnosis and Screening in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Heart Failure: New Insights for the Healthcare Professional: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
This book introduce neurourology as an emerging interdisciplinary area that covers the basic and clinical studies of the neural control on the normal lower urinary tract and the lower/upper urinary tract dysfunction due to neuropathy disorders. It systematically describes all aspects of neurourology from the epidemiology of the neurogenic bladder; to the pathology and pathophysiology of the lower urinary tract; to the diagnosis and treatment of the neurogenic bladder by conservative therapies or surgeries. This book provides a useful resource for medical doctors, nurses and students in the field of neurourological conditions. All the topics are written by internationally recognized specialists in their field.
Electrical Manipulation of Cells provides an authoritative and up-to-date review of the field, covering all the major techniques in a single source. The book features broad coverage that ranges from the mechanisms of action of external electrical fields on biological material to the ways in which electrical stimuli are employed to manipulate cells. Bringing together the work of leading international authorities, the book covers membrane breakdown, gene delivery, electroporation, electrostimulation, cell movement, hybridoma production, plant protoplasts, electrorotation and stimulation, and electromagnetic stimulation. For each topic, the authors discuss the relevance of the approach to the current state of the art of biotechnology. Electrical Manipulation of Cells is an unmatched source of information for anyone involved in the manipulation of cells, particularly biotechnologists, cell biology, microbiologists, biophysicists and plant scientists. For researchers, the book provides technical material that ccan be employed in their own work. Students will gain thorough appreciation of the applications of this important technique.
The intention of the VIIth International Symposium on the Facial Nerve was to create a platform for an extensive exchange of knowledge and scientific infor mation between clinicians and basic research workers. This aim could only be realized on the basis of a common interest in the facial nerve, which unites the interdisciplinary scientific efforts of otologists, neurosurgeons, facial plastic surgeons, neurologists, neurophysiologists, and neuroanatomists. Therefore, a meeting of this kind remains in its aim to exchange ideas over scientific disciplines which do not come unique together normal conditions. The symposium has been held every four years since 1966. The VIIth sym posium was preceded by symposia in Stockholm (1966), Osaka (1970), ZUrich (1976), Los Angeles (1980), Bordeaux (1984) and Rio de Janeiro (1988), and marked an important milestone in the continuously developing knowledge about the facial nerve, its physiology, disorders, diagnostics and treatment. In contrast to the previous meetings this symposium extended in vitations to both clinicians and basic research workers. More than 350 scientists from 25 different nations met in Cologne, Germany, in June 1992 and their high-level presentations contributed to the overwhelming success of this international meeting. The symposium took place in the vicinity of the old cllthedral of Cologne, itself a vivid symbol of never-ending efforts to create something perfect and lasting.
This is the second part in a two-volume work on neuromodulation. It describes the techniques and procedures applied by direct contact with the central nervous system or cranial nerves (in order to modulate the function of neural networks) or in deeply located structures inside the nervous system (in order to alter the function on specific networks).
In many cases of neuromuscular disorders the physician is faced with a complete lack of therapeutic approaches. This helplessness places the doctor in a position of conflict between his desire to help and his awareness that there is no treatment. In this situation it is tempting to indiscriminately use any procedure that avoids an admission of medical helplessness while satisfying the patient's demand for treatment. Electrical interventions are often used to avoid this situation. Due to the random use of therapeutic approaches it is not known what really happens. Presumptions and biased empirical observations have led to the exten sive use of different forms of electrical stimulation regimes in neuromuscular diseases. Due to this unsatisfactory situation it is necessary to know more about appropriate methods that are being used in particular disorders. The search for a better understanding of nerve-muscle interaction has shown that certain activity patterns can influence muscle. These experi mental results provide a rational basis for a possible therapeutic use of electrical stimulation of nerve and muscle. Previously most research has been conducted in normal tissue, and little is known regarding the re sponses of diseased muscle. In an interdisciplinary approach to this, it is our intention to present the current knowledge about basic principles of electrical stimulation in normal muscle. Before electrical stimulation can be accepted as a therapeutic tool, we felt it necessary to summarize the effects of activity in normal and diseased muscle and nerve.
